Arthur was wounded in action in April 1917, suffering a gunshot wound to his left shoulder, and was admitted to the 14th Australian General Hospital in Cairo. With his wound healed, he was admitted to a rest camp in Port Said in September 1917 and re-joined the 12th Light Horse Regiment in October of the same year. In December 1917, Adams was appointed Cadet and later appointed Second Lieutenant in March 1918 having qualified for a commission (RSL- SA, 2017). A report by his Commanding Officer of the 12th Light Horse Regiment stated Arthur was, “An energetic and reliable officer always interested in the welfare and comfort of his men. He has always been regarded both in the Regiment and his Squadron leader as one of the safest men for any job requiring resource and bold leadership, has a sound knowledge and a fair capacity for imparting same. I would recommend his promotion, he has no knowledge of languages, is physically fit” (UNSW Australia, 2017).

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In June, 1918, Arthur was admitted briefly to Nasrich Hospital however a day later he was transferred to the 31st General Hospital suffering from malaria. He was discharged to the Command Depot in Mustapha in July 1918 and later re-joined the 12th Light Horse Regiment on the 20th July 1918. Arthur was admitted suffering from malaria numerous times during service, until he was transferred to the 14th Australian General Hospital in Cairo on the 14th of April 1919 until his return to Australia (UNSW Australia, 2017). Arthur returned to Australia from Port Said on board the HT ‘Leicestershire’ on the 15th of May 1919. He disembarked in Melbourne then travelled to Sydney by rail and was discharged on the 21st of August 1919. Arthur received the Military Medal for devotion to the final assault on Beersheba; the 1914-15 Star (A medal awarded to officers and men of the British and Imperial forces who served in World War One in 1914 and 1915), the British War Medal (officers and men from the British and Imperial forces from the First World War received) and the Victory Medal (awarded to officers and men who received the 1914 Star or the 1914-15 Star). In 1921, Arthur married Ann Kinloch, in Narrandera, New South Wales. Arthur later passed away on the 31st of October 1968 of natural causes; he was cremated at Rookwood Cemetery and Crematorium (RSL-SA, 2017)